Reporter’s Field Guide: Data Sources in California
By Paloma Esquivel
A guide to publicly available data in California on criminal justice, education, the environment, state and local finances and more.
This is a live document that will regularly updated. Access the most recent version here.
First Published: January 29, 2026
Data is one of the most important tools in a reporter’s toolbox. It can be the foundation of a deeply-reported story or enhance stories with support based in numbers. The good news is that across California, various agencies collect and publicly report data on many of the most important topics covered by journalists: criminal justice, education, health, state and local finances, and more.
This guide is designed to help point reporters to some of what’s available at the state and local levels. We also include examples of stories and reports that show how the data has been used previously.
The majority of the data we’ve highlighted here is shared directly by the government, but we have also highlighted some data from other sources, including nonprofits and other groups. (Those are included under the subhead non-governmental sources.)
These are a few things to keep in mind when using this guide:
- Use it as a tip sheet but be sure to always review sources, methodology and data dictionaries for any data you plan to report on.
- Proceed with caution when using any dataset. Always ask questions and double check definitions, numbers, and assumptions to make sure the data shows what you think it shows.
- Remember that some data may have use limitations, terms of use or conditions that require the data only be used with certain conditions. Be sure to check any listed limitations or agreements before proceeding.
- Publicly posted data is often (though not always) relatively dated. Datasets may reflect information from a couple of years ago, or more. If that’s the case, consider whether you should submit public records requests for updated data. Use what’s already available as a guide for what information the agency collects and how it collects it. And if citing dated data, be clear about the time frame it covers and, when applicable, note it is the latest available from the data source.
We plan to periodically update this guide as additional sources are made available, we become aware of additional sources or links change. If you have any tips, email us at [email protected].
The guide is divided into the following sections:
- Statewide: Government Sources
- Criminal Justice: Government Sources
- Criminal Justice: Non-Government Sources
- Criminal Justice (Prisons and Jails): Government Sources
- Education: Government Sources
- Environment: Government Sources
- Health: Government Sources
- Housing: Government Sources
- State and Local Government Finances: Government Sources
- State and Local Government Finances: Non-Government Sources
Statewide: Government Sources
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California Open Data Portal
What is it?
The California Open Data portal houses thousands of datasets from agencies across the state, including many from Cal Fire and the departments of Fish and Wildlife, Health Care Services, Public Health and Water Resources, the Energy Commission, Franchise Tax Board, State Controller’s Office and others.
What data are available?
The portal is a good starting point to research available statewide datasets on a wide range of topics, though some agencies have posted far more data than others. For example, Cal Fire posts more than 100 datasets, including grant projects, land ownership across California and many more. The DMV posts data on registered vehicles by ZIP code, including model year, fuel type, make and other details. If you cover a particular agency or subject, this can be a good place to check out what’s available. But many agencies also have their own data portals or publicly posted datasets that are not available through this site.
Where can you get it?
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Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training Peace Officer Certification Actions
What is it?
A list of California peace officers whose certification is suspended or revoked.
What data are available?
The name of the officer, the officers’ agency and the date and basis of the suspension or revocation.
Where can you get it?
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Story Examples and Ideas
California transformed its justice system. But now crime is up, and critics want rollbacks
The Marshall Project and the LA Times analyzed crime data from the OpenJustice data portal and the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting program to compute crime rates in the years after California enacted significant criminal justice reform efforts. For more, see: How we analyzed California’s crime rates in an era of justice reform.Arrests in California
The nonprofit think tank Public Policy Institute of California delved into OpenJustice arrest data to find California’s arrest rate had increased for the first time in two decades.Revealed: at least 22 Californians have died while being held face down by police since 2016
The California Newsroom, the California Reporting Project and the Guardian used state use-of-force data to report on the large number of people who died after being held face down by officers in California.
Criminal Justice: Government Sources
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California’s OpenJustice Portal
What is it?
The California Department of Justice’s OpenJustice portal posts statewide data on dozens of criminal-justice related topics.
What data are available?
The site has dozens of datasets related to law enforcement in California. For reporters interested in criminal justice issues, this can be a good place to search for available data. A few examples of what’s available include:
Arrests: Monthly reports from local law enforcement show felony and misdemeanor level arrests for adults, as well as juvenile offenses like truancy and curfew violations. The statistics also include information on the disposition of arrests.
Complaints against peace officers: Annual reports on the number of complaints filed against law enforcement, broken down by agency and including whether the complaints were sustained. The data also includes whether the complaints were based on claims of racial and identity profiling.
Crimes and clearances: Monthly crime reports from law enforcement agencies across the state including homicide, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny/theft, motor vehicle theft and arson.
Domestic-violence calls to police: Monthly statistics on domestic violence-related calls to local law enforcement.
Profiling: Annual reports on police stops, which are required under the Racial and Identity Profiling Act (RIPA). The data show the time and date of the stop, the perceived race/ethnicity, gender, English fluency, and other characteristics of the person who was stopped, as well as the reason for the stop, whether a search was conducted, whether an arrest was made or citation issued, and other details.
Use of Force Incidents: Annual reports from law enforcement agencies showing incidents that involve police force that result in serious bodily injury or death, or the discharge of a firearm.
Immigration Transfers: Annual statistics on transfers of people in custody from law enforcement to immigration authorities under the Values Act.
Where can you get it?
Criminal Justice: Non-Government Sources
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California Reporting Project
What is it?
A searchable database that includes more than 1 million pages of law enforcement records from thousands of use of force and misconduct cases across the state that were made public after California passed two significant police transparency laws: S.B. 1421, which makes public police records in certain cases of use of force, sexual assault and official dishonesty and S.B. 16, which opened up certain records related to excessive force, discrimination, failure to intervene and unlawful arrest or search. The records are compiled through a statewide newsgathering collaboration.
What data are available?
The database includes records that have been released to journalists across the state following the passage of S.B. 1421 and S.B. 16. They include investigative reports, autopsy reports, findings, transcripts, photographs and other records.
Where can you get it?
Searchable database: https://policerecords.kqed.org
The California Reporting Project:
https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/#projectsNote: if you are interested in obtaining records related to recent police shootings, use FAC’s Reporter’s Field Guide: Police Shootings for a step-by-step guide on requesting those records.
For additional guidance on accessing use of force and officer misconduct records, see FAC’s Police Transparency Handbook.
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National Police Index
What is it?
A public data project that gathers police employment histories from state police training and certification boards across the U.S. The project is led by a reporter from the nonprofit Invisible Institute and data files were collected by news and legal organizations.
What data are available?
Employment history details for thousands of current and former California police officers. The data can be downloaded, searched by name, employment dates and agency.
Where can you get it?
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Mapping Police Violence
What is it?
The Mapping Police Violence nationwide database uses official sources and publicly available media sources to track police killings.
What data are available?
Downloadable data show the total number of people killed by police, as well as demographic information and name, age, gender, race, incident location, city, responsible agency, cause of death, circumstances and other details. It can be filtered by state and localized by agency, or by the city where the incident happened.
Where can you get it?
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Story Examples and Ideas
San Bernardino Police Involved In Fatal Shooting Of Fleeing Man Both Have Histories Of Alleged Excessive Force
The California Newsroom and KVCR used records from The California Reporting Project to reveal prior allegations of excessive force against police who shot a man in San Bernardino.Bakersfield Police Department fails to identify people in crisis, thwarting reform
KVPR and the California Reporting Project reviewed police records obtained under S.B. 1421 to show how the Bakersfield police department was underreporting the rate at which people suffering from behavioral health conditions were seriously injured or killed by police.
Criminal Justice (Prisons and Jails): Government Sources
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In-Custody Deaths
What is it?
Since Jan. 1, 2023, California Assembly Bill 2761 has required law enforcement to post in-custody death data online.
What data are available?
When a person dies in the custody of law enforcement, the law requires agencies to post, within 10 days, on their websites: (1) The full name of the agency with custodial responsibility at the time of death; (2) the county in which the death occurred; (3) the facility in which the death occurred, and the location within that facility where the death occurred; (4) the race, gender and age of the decedent; (5) the date on which the death occurred; (6) the custodial status of the decedent, including, but not limited to, whether the person was awaiting arraignment, awaiting trial or incarcerated; (7) the manner and means of death.
Note: the law defines in-custody deaths broadly. Specifically, the law says: “‘In-custody death’ means the death of a person who is detained, under arrest, or is in the process of being arrested, is en route to be incarcerated, or is incarcerated at a municipal or county jail, state prison, state-run boot camp prison, boot camp prison that is contracted out by the state, any state or local contract facility, or other local or state correctional facility, including any juvenile facility. ‘In-custody death’ also includes deaths that occur in medical facilities while in law-enforcement custody.”
Where can you get it?
Current data should be posted on the websites of local law enforcement agencies. Data for the following counties can be found at the links: Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, Alameda, Fresno.
Statewide, the California Correctional Health Care Services posts monthly in-custody death reports here.
A collection of statewide data on in-custody deaths from local law enforcement, correctional facilities and other agencies can also be found on the Department of Justice’s OpenJustice data portal.
Note: While the required data does not include names, reporters can submit public records requests to the California Department of Justice or local agencies for those names. Reporters interested in examining a case in more detail can also request a copy of the death investigation from the local coroner’s office or medical examiner.
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State Prison Populations:
What is it?
Weekly reports that show CDCR’s population totals.
What data are available?
The weekly total of men, women and non-binary people detained, supervised, on parole, in hospitals or otherwise in CDCR custody. The data also show the total number of prisoners at each facility and include comparisons to previous weeks and years.
Where can you get it?
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Parole hearing outcome:
What is it?
Weekly outcomes for parole hearings in California.
What data are available?
The results of parole hearings across the state. The data include the petitioner’s name, CDC number, type of hearing and whether the petition was denied, postponed or had some other outcome. (Schedules for upcoming hearings can also be found at https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/bph/hearing-schedule. For information about media access to parole hearings see California Code of Regulations, Title 15, Division 2, Sections 2031 and 2032.).
Where can you get it?
https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/bph/category/suitability-hearing-results
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Office of the Inspector General, Prison Oversight
What is it?
The OIG is an independent agency that oversees and reports on the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. It posts summaries of its assessments of how CDCR addressed critical incidents (including inmate deaths) and misconduct complaints.
What data are available?
Summaries of critical incidents, misconduct complaints and cases of discipline involving prison staff. They also include the OIG’s findings on whether the official response was adequate.
Where can you get it?
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Jail Profile Survey
What is it?
The Board of State and Community Corrections Jail Profile Survey gathers responses from counties on conditions in local jails. The board also surveys juvenile detention facilities in the Juvenile Detention Profile Survey.
What data is available?
The variables reported on the survey include average daily population, number of mental health cases, dental and medical encounters, total number of persons booked in a month and more. The juvenile survey includes questions on average daily population, offense type, electronic monitoring, mental health cases and number of juveniles receiving psychotropic medication, among others.
Where can you get it?
Board of State and Community Corrections Jail Profile Survey – Online Querying
Board of State and Community Corrections Juvenile Detention Profile Survey – Online Querying
Juvenile Detention Profile Survey Dashboards
Note: Civil grand juries are also tasked with inspecting and reporting on local jail and juvenile detention conditions. Their reports can typically be found on the county’s civil grand jury webpage. For example, see: Los Angeles County grand jury reports and Contra Costa County grand jury reports.
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Story Examples and Ideas
Locked Up and Dying
CalMatters examined in-custody fatalities across the state to find that deaths hit historic high numbers in the years after Gov. Gavin Newsom pledged to address the issue.Search the data: All 478 people who died in Southern California jails in the past 6 years
Southern California News Group compiled data on deaths in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside and San Bernardino county jails and found that while deaths were on the decline in four of the counties, they remained at or above 20-year averages.Juvenile Justice in California
The Public Policy Institute of California used data from the Juvenile Detention Profile Survey, along with other sources, to examine juvenile justice in California.County Jails House Fewer Inmates, but Over Half Face Mental Health Issues
The Public Policy Institute of California used data from the Jail Profile Survey to reveal how though county jail populations were on a downward trend, the number of inmates with mental health needs had increased steadily to more than half of the total jail population.
Education: Government Sources
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DataQuest
What is it?
California’s most comprehensive source for public school data at the school, district, county and state levels.
What data are available?
DataQuest offers a long list of educational data. A sample includes:
Assessment data: If you want to know whether California’s public school students are meeting state standards in subjects including reading and math, this site has yearly test results for statewide assessments in English language arts, math and other subjects. You can access student test results at the school, district, county and state levels. The site also allows comparison between current and previous years’ performance, and breaks down results in various demographic categories, including race and ethnicity, disabilities and income.
Enrollment data: If you want to know how many students are enrolled in local schools and how that number has changed in recent years, this data includes the number of students in California’s TK-12 public schools at the state, county, district and school levels. The data includes breakdowns by ethnicity, grade, charter schools and other categories.
Graduation and Drop Out data: This shows how many students graduate from or drop out of California public schools and includes demographic breakdowns. The four-year cohort shows the number of students who graduate or drop out from high school in four years. You can also find the number of students meeting University of California and California State University admissions requirements.
Where can you get it?
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Ed-Data
What is it?
Financial, demographic and achievement data for K-12 schools across the state that is compiled as part of a partnership between EdSource, the California Department of Education and the Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance Team/California School Information Services (FCMAT/CSIS).
What data are available?
The site offers extensive and detailed information about California’s K-12 schools and allows for district-level and school-level comparisons. For example, you can compare district and school enrollment, demographics, suspension rates, teacher experience (and average teacher salaries at the district level). Financial data show revenue, expenditures and other information at the state, county, district and school levels. Some of the data overlaps with what is available on DataQuest.
Where can I get it?
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California School Climate, Health, and Learning Surveys
What is it?
A website supported by the California Department of Education that posts survey data from students, staff and parents on topics such as student safety, mental health, engagement and academic motivation.
What data are available?
The site posts the results of surveys of students, parents and school staff. The student survey includes questions like: “Did you eat breakfast this morning?” “Are you happy to be at this school?” “Is your school building neat and clean?” Parents rate various topics related to their child’s school. For example: “This school encourages me to be an active partner with the school in educating my child,” “school staff treat parents with respect” and “support staff like counselors, psychologists, and wellness staff are available to my child if he/she needs them.”
Where can I get it?
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Public School and District Data Files
What is it?
Details on all public schools and districts in California.
What data are available?
The school or district name, its address, phone number, type of school, grade span, the superintendent or principal’s name and other information. The lists also include the CDS Code – the unique identifier assigned to each district or school, which can be helpful when combining datasets to compare districts and schools.
Where can I get it?
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Private School Data
What is it?
Information compiled by the state on private and nonpublic schools.
What data are available?
The state’s page includes downloadable directories of all private and nonpublic schools in California, as well as data sets that include enrollment by grade, the number of teachers and whether the school has tax exempt status.
Where can I get it?
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California Cradle to Career Data System
What is it?
The Cradle to Career Data System includes data compiled by the state on educational outcomes, enrollment and employment.
What data are available?
The site posts various datasets on college enrollment and outcomes, including who enrolls in college, the types of degrees students earn, how long it takes to graduate and how much students earn after graduation. Users can download CSV or XLSX files.
Where can I get it?
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Story Examples and Ideas
How do high schoolers in your area really fare after graduation? A new California tool lets you know
CalMatters reported on the data made available by the Cradle to Career Data System and talked with experts about its usefulness and limitations.Data on every S.F. school: Key factors in SFUSD closures
The San Francisco Chronicle used state and local data, including assessment results and demographic data, to examine several factors used by the school district to determine which schools to close.Homeless student counts in California are up. Some say that’s a good thing
CalMatters used state enrollment data to report on an increase in homeless student numbers across the state.California releases long-awaited teacher data, revealing demographic shifts
EdSource looked at updated teacher data on DataQuest to show an increase in teachers across the state and changing demographics.
Environment: Government Sources
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CalEPA Regulated Site Portal
What is it?
A portal that hosts data about environmentally regulated sites and facilities in California.
What data is available?
The portal provides information about facilities that are environmentally regulated across the state for things including hazardous materials and waste, toxic materials, state and federal cleanups, and impacted waters. Reporters can use the map to examine facilities in local communities and regions and download source data.
Where can I get it?
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California Natural Resources Agency Open Data
What is it?
The California Natural Resources Agency is tasked with protecting and managing the state’s environment and its natural, cultural and historical resources. Departments in the agency include the departments of Conservation and Parks and Recreation, the Fish and Game Commission, State Lands Commission and many others.
What data are available?
The agency’s open data portal includes thousands of datasets and maps on topics including climate, conservation, energy, land management, natural hazards, oceans, recreation, water and wildlife. A few examples of what is available include statewide crop maps, powerplant locations and characteristics maps, and databases on county drought resilience plans, statewide conservation easements and protected areas.
Where can I get it?
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Cal Fire GIS Mapping and Data Analytics
What is it?
Detailed information related to fire risks and hazards across the state.
What data are available?
Maps and data showing fire threats, land ownership boundaries, community risks, fire hazard zones and more.
Where can I get it?
https://www.fire.ca.gov/what-we-do/fire-resource-assessment-program/gis-mapping-and-data-analytics
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Cal Enviro Screen
What is it?
CalEnviroScreen is a tool developed by the CalEPA that includes data on environmental, public health and socioeconomic conditions in communities across the state. The site offers a dashboard with a mapping tool but source data can also be downloaded in a spreadsheet and sorted by census tract and zip code. Note: This tool and its methods have been controversial. See: California’s polluted communities could miss out on billions under state’s flawed system.
What data are available?
The dashboard aims to show the impact of environmental health hazards on communities across the state. It assigns percentile scores designed to reflect the impact on communities of various hazards, including ozone, pesticides and lead in housing, as well as other health and socioeconomic indicators. For example, a reporter interested in knowing how their community compares to others across the state in exposure to ozone could find a percentile score for their census tract on the dashboard. Each tract is assigned a value for each indicator (i.e. ozone, asthma, lead, etc.) and then ranked from highest to lowest value. The ranking is converted into a percentile score with 100 being the highest, to show how it compares to others.
Where can I get it?
https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/6b863505f9454cea802f4be0b4b49d62
Health: Government Sources
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California Health and Human Services Open Data Portal
What is it?
The California Health and Human Services Open Data Portal serves as a repository for health and healthcare data. It hosts hundreds of datasets from state departments related to public health, health care services, health planning and licensing, social services, rehabilitation and public assistance.
What data are available?
The portal is a good starting point for reporters interested in public health data in California. A small sample of what is available includes datasets on Medi-Cal enrollee demographics and totals, licensed and certified health care facilities and programs, primary care and registered nurse shortage areas, weekly data on flu, COVID-19 and RSV activity across the state (including positive tests, hospitalizations and deaths), and wastewater surveillance data. You can search datasets by keyword, department and topic.
Where can I get it?
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California Health Facility Information Database
What is it?
The California Health Facility Information Database (Cal Health Find) is a publicly accessible database designed for consumers that includes information on thousands of health care facilities that are regulated by the California Department of Public Health. Note: Some reports have found the database missing or lacking in key data. For example, see: The case of the vanishing fine: How a massive nursing home penalty eluded consumer detection and How the state handles complaints from Californians about patient care at hospitals.
What data are available?
The database can be searched by facility name, location, type and type of services. For example, if you are interested in facilities that provide transplant services in Los Angeles, you can narrow the search by city and facility type. Or you could get a list of alternative birthing facilities or hospice centers across the state. The resulting list can be exported to a CSV file that includes the name of the facility, address, license status, license number, certification status and other details. Clicking on the individual facility allows you to view complaints against that facility.
Where can I get it?
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CHCQ/LCP/CalHealthFind/Pages/SearchResult.aspx
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State Enforcement Actions Against Health Facilities
What is it?
The State Enforcement Actions Dashboard is a search tool that provides access to enforcement actions against health care facilities issued by the California Department of Public Health since July 1, 1998.
What data are available?
The downloadable data show the name of the facility penalized, the type of penalty, the penalty category (i.e. patient care, abuse, sexual assault on a patient, physical environment), the fine amount due and other details. You can localize the data by filtering it by county. You can also filter by facility type, including skilled nursing facilities, rural health clinics, correctional health centers, acute psychiatric hospitals and others.
Where can I get it?
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CHCQ/LCP/Pages/StateEnforcementActionsDashboard.aspx
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Story Examples and Ideas
From maggots to sex abuse, nursing homes sue California to overturn citations, fines
CalMatters looked at state enforcement actions against nursing homes, court records and other records to examine how hundreds of lawsuits by California nursing homes appealing state citations and fines often led regulators to downgrade sanctions.
Housing: Government Sources
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Unhoused Demographics
What is it?
Data compiled by the state on the demographics of unhoused people.
What data are available?
The total number of people receiving homeless services by age, race, gender and other demographic groups. The numbers can also be localized because they include data on where services were accessed by California’s 44 Continuums of Care (CoC). Note: California’s homeless services are offered by CoCs. A list of each COC, its location, name and assigned number can be found here: https://www.hud.gov/sites/dfiles/CPD/documents/CoC/FY2024-CoC-Names-Numbers.pdf.
Where can you get it?
State and Local Government Finances: Government Sources
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California State Controller's Office Local Government Financial Data
What is it?
The California State Controller’s Office’s data portal posts data on local government finances, including revenues, expenditures and other financial data.
What data are available?
The site has datasets on revenues and expenditures for cities, counties, special districts and transit agencies, as well as financial data on public retirement systems, property taxes, city streets and county roads. The data is regularly updated but the most recent datasets are generally a year or more old.
Where can I get it?
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Government Compensation in California
What is it?
The State Controller’s site posts information on pay and benefits for about 2 million public employees across the state.
What data are available?
Users can download raw data and custom reports on public employee compensation from information reported annually to the controller’s office. Some public employers are required by law to submit compensation information, including cities and counties. Others, including the University of California system, superior courts and K-12 districts, provide it on a voluntary basis.
Unlike Transparent California and the Sacramento Bee State Worker Salary Database, this site does not include the names of public employees. It can be a good starting point for comparing public employee salaries – for example, if you’re wondering how your local city manager’s salary compares to others’ across the state.
But compensation can vary for a number of reasons (it could, for example, include a one time payment that wouldn’t necessarily reflect someone’s annual salary), so it’s always good to check in directly with individual public employers about the details behind compensation and benefits.
Where can I get it?
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California Department of Tax and Fee Administration Open Data Portal
What is it?
A portal for state tax data.
What data are available?
Datasets on a wide range of taxes and fees, including sales taxes, fuel taxes, environmental fees and alcohol, cannabis and tobacco taxes. If you’re interested in how state taxes get distributed to local communities or how much the state has collected in certain taxes, this could be a good place to start.
Where can I get it?
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Open Fiscal
What is it?
A portal for California’s spending data that’s meant to allow the public to see how the state spends its money.
What data are available?
Regularly updated datasets on individual spending transactions by state department and agency, including vendor names, purpose and transaction amount. This is a good resource for reporters interested in how state agencies spend their money, what they’re paying for and what companies the money is going to.
Where can I get it?
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Story examples and ideas
Report reveals highest-paid on Riverside County government payroll
KESQ reported on Riverside County’s 10 highest paid government employees based on government compensation data from the controller’s office.
State and Local Government Finances: Non-Government Sources
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Sacramento Bee State Worker Salary Database
What is it?
The Bee publishes a searchable database of state worker salaries, including public university employees.
What data are available?
The name, department, job title and total pay for state workers, including employees of Cal State University and University of California systems.
Where can I get it?
https://www.sacbee.com/news/databases/state-pay/article229468549.html
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Transparent California
What is it?
A collection of public pay and pension data that is overseen by the nonprofit Nevada Policy Research Institute, which aims to “provide free-market solutions to state and local problems.”
What data are available?
Names, titles, salary and benefits information for public employees and pensioners across California. This is similar to the state controller’s Government Compensation in California site but includes individual employee names, not just titles.
Where can I get it?
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Story Examples and Ideas
These California state workers make over $1 million — and the list of millionaires is growing
The Sacramento Bee used its salary database to identify state workers earning more than $1 million.Pay for top administrators varies widely across California community colleges
The Union, a student-run news organization at El Camino College, used data from Transparent California to examine pay disparities at California community colleges.
Credits and Contacts
This guide was authored in January 2026 by Paloma Esquivel, press education specialist at the First Amendment Coalition, with contributions by Thadeus Greenson, FAC press education specialist, and Ginny LaRoe, advocacy director for FAC. If you have questions or would like to request a workshop for your newsroom on any of these topics, contact education education [at] firstamendmentcoalition [dot] org.